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Dr. Omar P. Haqqani
Dr. Omar P. Haqqani
Dr. Omar P. Haqqani
Dr. Omar P. Haqqani
The World Health Organization reports that there are over 14 million confirmed coronavirus cases in 216 countries with over 600,000 confirmed deaths. While most who contract the virus recover, some suffer long-term effects.
Since the virus was first detected in 2019, enough time has passed to begin learning the after-effects of COVID-19 among those who have recovered. As long-term symptoms are being discovered, the fact that many of those who become infected have existing medical conditions is being examined as possible reasons for the continuing problems.
Post-viral syndrome
The National Institutes of Health published a report in June 2020 that referred to certain recurring coronavirus symptoms as post-viral syndrome.
The report stated that after a previous coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome infection, symptoms similar to those of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis were reported by many who had become infected. Among some who were studied after the SARS outbreak, symptoms persisted as long as 20 months.
The NIH report predicts that after recovery from COVID-19, similar symptoms may be observed.
Specifically, persistent fatigue, non-restorative sleep, diffuse myalgia (muscle pain) and depressive symptoms were listed.
They are already being reported by some who have recovered from COVID-19.
For anyone in the highest risk categories for coronavirus infection, the long-term impact of the virus could intensify the recovery time and treatment methods. Those groups include the elderly and those with a history of cardiovascular problems, respiratory issues, obesity, diabetes and other disorders.
Extended impact on cardiovascular conditions
Among the high-risk groups for COVID-19 are those with cardiovascular issues including stroke. The American Heart Association now reports that strokes (acute ischemic strokes) associated with the coronavirus are more severe and have worse outcomes, including death, than those not associated with the virus.
The data, collected from 28 health care sites in 16 countries, also showed that there was an increased probability of severe disability following a COVID-19 related stroke. After someone suffers a stroke while diagnosed with coronavirus, recovery could take much longer than it would if the virus had not been present.
Other heart-related issues exacerbated by the presence of the coronavirus include cardiac arrythmia, pulmonary embolism, and acute cardiac injury. These conditions have long-term effects under any circumstances, but COVID-19 adds to the length and management of recovery.
Lingering respiratory problems
COVID-19 attacks the respiratory system first. Among the respiratory problems that may begin with the coronavirus and linger to some extent after recovery are lung abscesses that may occur if pneumonia develops when a patient contracts COVID-19. The American Lung Association reports that they are infrequent but prolong recovery time.
Pre-existing chronic respiratory conditions may complicate recovery, depending upon the severity of the coronavirus case. They include COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), asthma and chronic lung disease. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and WHO specifically cite acute respiratory distress syndrome to be of particular concern. In severe coronavirus cases, ARDS frequently occurs. It allows fluid to enter the lungs, hamper breathing and prevent oxygen from being distributed throughout the body. After initial oxygen infusions through ventilators or portable oxygen tanks, long-term treatment may be required because ARDS may create muscle weakness. Rehabilitation could be required for strength to return.
Long-term kidney issues
Acute kidney injury occurs in about 15 percent of those hospitalized for COVID-19.
The coronavirus can cause increased blood clotting, tubular injury, septic shock and microinflammation to worsen when AKI occurs.
Coronavirus may also cause direct infection of the kidney. For someone with chronic kidney disease, recurring issues caused by these occurrences may cause difficulties that last long after someone has had COVID-19.
Ask Dr. Haqqani
If you have questions about your cardiovascular health, including heart, blood pressure, stroke lifestyle and other issues, we want to answer them. Please submit your questions to Dr. Haqqani by e-mail at questions@vascularhealthclinics.org.
Dr. Omar P. Haqqani is the chief of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery at Vascular Health Clinics in Midland: www.vascularhealthclinics.org
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July 27, 2020 at 12:07PM
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